CR012 $pp \to (W'/Z'/G' spin-1) \to WW, WZ, ZZ$

Diboson high-mass resonance (generic spin-1)
Status REVIEWED VERIFIED High Code: NO Priority Medium

PDG / equivalent values

Observable Value Year Experiment / source Provenance
HVT model B W' $ \to $ WZ observed resonance-mass lower limit m(W') > 4.4 TeV
95% CL (lower_limit)
2023 CMS source ↑
HVT model B mass-degenerate V' $ \to $ VV observed resonance-mass lower limit m(V') > 4.5 TeV for the mass-degenerate VV category
95% CL (lower_limit)
2023 CMS source ↑
HVT model B mass-degenerate V' $ \to $ VV+VH observed resonance-mass lower limit m(V') > 4.8 TeV when VV and VH channels are combined
95% CL (lower_limit)
2023 CMS source ↑
HVT model B Z' $ \to $ WW observed excluded resonance-mass intervals m(Z') excluded in 1.3-3.1 TeV and 3.3-3.5 TeV
95% CL (mass_exclusion_intervals)
2023 CMS source ↑

Why this constrains the RS scan

Custodial and composite RS models generically contain electroweak KK vectors whose longitudinal \(W/Z\) branching fractions can be large. The HVT model-B benchmark is not an RS spectrum calculation, but it is a standard simplified proxy for strongly coupled vector triplets and is the cleanest public collider-language bridge for \(W'\) and \(Z'\) diboson searches. For the RS scan, this is not the leading scale setter. The internal quark-scan methodology note quotes \(M_{KK}^{\min}(p50,g_{s*}=3)=47.26~\mathrm{TeV}\) for the low-energy \(\Delta F=2\)-dominated scan (internal\_quark\_scan\_methodology\_extract.txt). A direct LHC diboson reach of order \(4\)--\(5~\mathrm{TeV}\) is therefore a cross-check and a handle on non-anarchic, custodial, or otherwise flavor-aligned RS variants, rather than a competing bound for the default anarchic scan.

What's changed since the original paper

Pappadopulo--Thamm--Torre--Wulzer, arXiv:1402.4431, introduced the HVT framework used by ATLAS and CMS to translate \(VV\) and \(VH\) searches into a small set of vector-resonance parameters. ATLAS arXiv:1506.00962 then made the boosted all-hadronic \(WW/WZ/ZZ\) search a central LHC channel and recorded the well-known 8 TeV \(WZ\)-region fluctuation. CMS arXiv:1705.09171 provided the first combined \(VV/VH\) HVT interpretation across 8 and early 13 TeV searches. The 13 TeV all-hadronic searches in ATLAS arXiv:1708.04445 and CMS arXiv:1708.05379 moved the channel into the multi-TeV regime with boosted boson-tagging. The 2019 full-Run-2/partial-Run-2 updates, ATLAS arXiv:1906.08589 and CMS arXiv:1906.05977, established the modern high-mass all-jets analyses. CMS arXiv:2109.06055 added an independent semileptonic Run-2 channel for \(WW\), \(WZ\), and \(WH\). The current all-jets CMS arXiv:2210.00043 result then used the full Run-2 data set, machine-learning boson taggers, and simultaneous \(VV/VH\) categories to give the strongest public HVT spin-1 statement used above.

Validity and model dependence

These are direct-search limits, not model-independent limits on the RS Kaluza--Klein scale. The HVT interpretation assumes a narrow resonance, a specific relation between fermion and boson couplings, and production through the light-quark or vector-boson initial states present in the experimental templates. In a concrete RS model the mapping depends on the custodial gauge group, fermion embeddings, brane kinetic terms, total width, and branching fractions to \(t\bar t\), \(VH\), leptons, dijets, or invisible/exotic modes. The distinction between \(V'\to VV\) and \(V'\to VV+VH\) is load-bearing for CR012. A model with a large \(VH\) branching fraction can use the combined CMS \(4.8~\mathrm{TeV}\) number; a diboson-only reinterpretation should instead use the \(W'\to WZ\), \(Z'\to WW\), or \(V'\to VV\) rows and their corresponding assumptions.

Code coverage in this repo

NO. Greps over quarkConstraints/, qcd/, flavorConstraints/, neutrinos/, yukawa/, warpConfig/, solvers/, scanParams/, and tests/ found no diboson, HVT, ATLAS/CMS search, HEPData likelihood, or reinterpretation-tool implementation. The only adjacent matches are KK-scale bookkeeping and low-energy flavor machinery: quarkConstraints/scan.py:359 maps \(\Lambda_{\rm IR}\) to \(M_{KK}\), quarkConstraints/scan.py:377 calls \(\Delta F=2\) constraints, quarkConstraints/deltaf2.py:320 documents tree-level KK-gluon-inspired \(\Delta F=2\) Wilsons, and scanParams/scan.py:523 starts the unrelated \(\mu\to e\gamma\) LFV filter. The only ``CMS'' grep hit is tests/test\_alpha\_s.py:89, a RunDec QCD-running example, not a collider search.

Implementation difficulty

HIGH. A faithful implementation needs either collaboration likelihood material or an external reinterpretation chain such as CheckMATE, MadAnalysis5, or SModelS, plus an RS spectrum/branching-ratio calculation. A single scalar mass threshold would be misleading because the limit changes with width, production mode, \(VV/VH\) branching fractions, and custodial embeddings.

Reason: A live CR012 constraint needs collider likelihoods or recast tools plus an RS spectrum, widths, production cross sections, and branching fractions; a scalar mass-threshold filter would not preserve the model assumptions behind the published limits.

Key references

PDG2025\_HeavyBosons\_Wprime\_WZ; CMS2023\_B2G\_20\_009; HEPData2022\_CMS\_B2G\_20\_009; ATLAS2019\_Diboson139fb; CMS2019\_B2G\_18\_002; CMS2018\_Dijet\_B2G\_17\_001; ATLAS2017\_Diboson36fb; CMS2017\_BosonCombination; ATLAS2015\_8TeVDiboson; CMS2022\_Semileptonic\_B2G\_19\_002; Pappadopulo2014\_HVT; InternalQuarkScanMethodology\_RUNA\_47TeV.
Source SHAs
12 snapshot(s) tracked in flavor_catalog/processes/collider_rs/CR012.yaml
Access dates
2026-05-17
Worklog
flavor_catalog/worklogs/CR012/
LaTeX source
flavor_catalog/processes/collider_rs/CR012.tex
Anchors generated
2026-05-17T21:55:00-04:00

PDG2025:CR012:HVTB_Wprime_WZ_mass_lower

https://pdg.lbl.gov/2025/listings/rpp2025-list-heavy-bosons.pdf
accessed 2026-05-17 sha 987f6211a9b5... snapshot CR012/pdg2025_heavy_bosons_wprime_wz.txt RESOLVED
value_limit_converted_fallback > 4400 GeV
RESOLVED
Match snapshot line 15
L12: 
L13: PDG table text extract:
L14: VALUE (GeV)     CL%     DOCUMENT ID       TECN     COMMENT
L15: >4400           95      TUMASYAN 23AP     CMS      W' -> W Z
L16: >4000           95      TUMASYAN 23AP     CMS      W' -> W H
L17: >3900           95      TUMASYAN 22D      CMS      W' -> W Z
L18: >4000           95      TUMASYAN 22D      CMS      W' -> W H
Snapshots live under flavor_catalog/references/<process_id>/. Source-line anchoring is automated; the status pill reflects match confidence, not editorial review.

CMS2023:CR012:HVTB_Vprime_VV_mass_lower

https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/B2G-20-009/CMS-B2G-20-009_Table_002.pdf
accessed 2026-05-17 sha 5560f5834e4b... snapshot CR012/cms_2023_b2g_20_009_arxiv2210_00043.txt RESOLVED
display m(V') > 4.5 TeV for the mass-degenerate VV category
RESOLVED
Match snapshot line 32
L29: HVT (B) W'                    WH                  4.0                         4.3
L30: HVT (B) Z'                    WW                  (1.3-3.1, 3.3-3.5)          3.8
L31: HVT (B) Z'                    ZH                  3.9                         3.8
L32: HVT (B) V'                    VV                  4.5                         4.5
L33: HVT (B) V'                    VH                  4.2                         4.5
L34: HVT (B) V'                    VV+VH               4.8                         4.8
Snapshots live under flavor_catalog/references/<process_id>/. Source-line anchoring is automated; the status pill reflects match confidence, not editorial review.

CMS2023:CR012:HVTB_Vprime_VV_VH_mass_lower

https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/B2G-20-009/CMS-B2G-20-009_Table_002.pdf
accessed 2026-05-17 sha 5560f5834e4b... snapshot CR012/cms_2023_b2g_20_009_arxiv2210_00043.txt RESOLVED
display m(V') > 4.8 TeV when VV and VH channels are combined
RESOLVED
Match snapshot line 34
L31: HVT (B) Z'                    ZH                  3.9                         3.8
L32: HVT (B) V'                    VV                  4.5                         4.5
L33: HVT (B) V'                    VH                  4.2                         4.5
L34: HVT (B) V'                    VV+VH               4.8                         4.8
Snapshots live under flavor_catalog/references/<process_id>/. Source-line anchoring is automated; the status pill reflects match confidence, not editorial review.

CMS2023:CR012:HVTB_Zprime_WW_excluded_intervals

https://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/B2G-20-009/CMS-B2G-20-009_Table_002.pdf
accessed 2026-05-17 sha 5560f5834e4b... snapshot CR012/cms_2023_b2g_20_009_arxiv2210_00043.txt RESOLVED
display m(Z') excluded in 1.3-3.1 TeV and 3.3-3.5 TeV
RESOLVED
Match snapshot line 30
L27: Gbulk (ktilde = 0.5)          ggF VV              1.4                         1.5
L28: HVT (B) W'                    WZ                  4.4                         4.3
L29: HVT (B) W'                    WH                  4.0                         4.3
L30: HVT (B) Z'                    WW                  (1.3-3.1, 3.3-3.5)          3.8
L31: HVT (B) Z'                    ZH                  3.9                         3.8
L32: HVT (B) V'                    VV                  4.5                         4.5
L33: HVT (B) V'                    VH                  4.2                         4.5
Snapshots live under flavor_catalog/references/<process_id>/. Source-line anchoring is automated; the status pill reflects match confidence, not editorial review.