CR003 $pp \to T \bar{T} \to tZ/tH/bW + X$

Pair production of custodial charge-2/3 top partner T (T')
Status REVIEWED VERIFIED High Code: NO Priority Medium

PDG / equivalent values

Observable Value Year Experiment / source Provenance
Pair-produced vector-like charge-2/3 T mass lower limit, B(T $ \to $ Wb) = 1 m_T > 1.70 TeV
95% CL (lower_mass_exclusion)
2024 ATLAS source ↑
Pair-produced vector-like charge-2/3 T mass lower limit, isospin-singlet branching pattern $m_T > 1.36 TeV for B(T \to Wb:Ht:Zt) = 1/2:1/4:1/4$
95% CL (lower_mass_exclusion)
2024 ATLAS source ↑
Pair-produced vector-like charge-2/3 T mass lower limit, B(T $ \to $ Zt) = 1 m_T > 1.60 TeV
95% CL (lower_mass_exclusion)
2023 ATLAS source ↑
Pair-produced vector-like charge-2/3 T mass lower limit, B(T $ \to $ Ht) = 1 m_T > 1.50 TeV
95% CL (lower_mass_exclusion)
2023 CMS source ↑
Pair-produced vector-like charge-2/3 T mass lower limit for all Wb/Zt/Ht decay mixtures to third-generation quarks m_T > 1.48 TeV for all decays to third-generation quarks
95% CL (lower_mass_exclusion)
2023 CMS source ↑

Why this constrains the RS scan

CR003 constrains the physical mass of a charge-\(2/3\) custodial fermion partner, not the KK-gluon mass or the flavor-anarchy matching scale by itself. For QCD pair production the production rate is comparatively model-independent, but the acceptance and mass limit depend on the assumed branching fractions among \(Wb\), \(Zt\), and \(Ht\). A custodial-RS model can map the lightest top-partner mass and branching ratios to the 5D fermion representation, IR localization, and electroweak embedding; absent that map, the LHC number is a direct-search cross-check rather than a universal RS-flavor bound. The current low-energy quark-flavor scan already quotes \(M_{KK}^{\min}(p50,g_\ast=3)=47.26~\mathrm{TeV}\) in docs/quark\_scan\_methodology\_note.tex. The \(T\)-partner direct limits above sit in the \(1.36\)--\(1.70~\mathrm{TeV}\) range, so they do not compete with the anarchic-flavor \(M_{KK}\) envelope. Their value is instead to test non-anarchic corners, spectra with light custodial fermions, or models where collider partners are not tied tightly to the flavor-setting KK scale.

What's changed since the original paper

The Contino--Servant top-partner paper set the custodial-partner collider motivation before LHC data. The LHC search history then moved from early same-sign and lepton+jets top-partner searches to full-Run-2 branching-fraction scans. ATLAS arXiv:1707.03347 established a 13 TeV lepton+jets \(Wb\)-targeted search with boosted \(W\) reconstruction. ATLAS arXiv:1803.09678 and arXiv:1808.01771 broadened the coverage to \(Ht\), \(Zt\), multi-\(b\), and all-hadronic final states. ATLAS arXiv:2210.15413 used the full Run-2 \(Z\)-lepton channel and gives the strongest pure-\(Zt\) row in the PDG table. CMS arXiv:2209.07327 combined single-lepton, same-sign dilepton, and multilepton channels and gives the robust all-decay-mixture exclusion. ATLAS arXiv:2401.17165 is the current PDG-leading pure-\(Wb\) and singlet \(Wb:Ht:Zt\) source.

Validity and model dependence

These limits assume prompt pair production of narrow vector-like quarks and specific decay-mode hypotheses. The common simplified-model assumption is that \({\cal B}(T\to Wb)+{\cal B}(T\to Zt)+{\cal B}(T\to Ht)=1\). Exotic decays, sizable widths, altered electroweak couplings, long-lived partners, or compressed spectra can invalidate a direct reading of the quoted mass limits. Single-production searches can reach higher masses for chosen couplings, but they are not the CR003 observable because the assigned process is pair production.

Code coverage in this repo

NO. Targeted greps across quarkConstraints/, qcd/, flavorConstraints/, neutrinos/, yukawa/, warpConfig/, solvers/, scanParams/, and tests/ found no implementation of VLQ \(T\)-pair collider limits, ATLAS/CMS direct-search likelihoods, HEPData exclusion contours, or a top-partner mass filter. Adjacent evidence is limited to KK-scale and flavor-filter plumbing: quarkConstraints/modern/scan.py:1230 constructs M\_KK for scan points, quarkConstraints/modern/scan.py:1492 builds failing-system lists from flavor ratios, quarkConstraints/modern/scan.py:1503 restricts those systems to \(\epsilon_K,K,B_d,B_s,D^0\), and quarkConstraints/modern/evaluation.py:643 starts the \(M_{KK}\) resolution used for KK-gluon matching. The current quark scope is summarized as MFV fitting at quarkConstraints/README.md:34, KK-scale conventions at quarkConstraints/README.md:36, and a \(\Delta F=2\) exclusion slice at quarkConstraints/README.md:38; none of those lines is a collider top-partner filter.

Implementation difficulty

HIGH. A faithful live constraint needs either a simplified acceptance map over \({\cal B}(Wb),{\cal B}(Zt),{\cal B}(Ht)\) or an external reinterpretation workflow such as CheckMATE, MadAnalysis5, SModelS, or a collaboration likelihood/HEPData grid. It also needs an RS spectrum model that predicts the lightest custodial \(T\) mass, width, and branching fractions. The current code has neither collider-event machinery nor a top-partner spectrum/decay module.

Reason: A faithful CR003 implementation needs collider reinterpretation data or an external tool chain plus an RS top-partner spectrum, width, and branching-ratio calculation. The repo currently has low-energy flavor filters and KK-gluon matching, not event-level acceptance or VLQ exclusion contours.

Key references

PDGLive2026\_Q009TPP\_TprimePair; ATLAS2024\_VLQPairWb\_Run2; ATLAS2023\_VLQPairZt\_Run2; CMS2023\_VLQPairLeptonic\_Run2; ATLAS2017\_VLQPairWb\_13TeV; ATLAS2018\_VLQPairMultiB; ATLAS2018\_VLQPairHadronic; ContinoServant2008\_TopPartners; QuarkScanMethodology2026\_MKKEnvelope.
Source SHAs
9 snapshot(s) tracked in flavor_catalog/processes/collider_rs/CR003.yaml
Access dates
2026-05-17
Worklog
flavor_catalog/worklogs/CR003/
LaTeX source
flavor_catalog/processes/collider_rs/CR003.tex
Anchors generated
2026-05-17T21:55:00-04:00

PDGLive2026:CR003:T_Wb_pair_ATLAS2024

https://pdg.lbl.gov/encoder_listings/q009.pdf
accessed 2026-05-17 sha 6cc3eac0c3ce... snapshot CR003/pdg_live_q009_tprime_pair_limits.txt RESOLVED
value_limit_converted_fallback > 1700 GeV
RESOLVED
Match snapshot line 24
L21: AAD 24N is based on 140 fb^-1 of pp data at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV. Pair
L22: production of vector-like t' is searched for in the lepton+jets mode. The
L23: data are consistent with the SM background predictions and limits are
L24: obtained for different branching ratios. The >1700 GeV limit is for t' in a
L25: weak-isospin doublet; the same limits also apply to t' of charge -4/3. The
L26: >1360 GeV limit is for a singlet model.
L27: 
Snapshots live under flavor_catalog/references/<process_id>/. Source-line anchoring is automated; the status pill reflects match confidence, not editorial review.

PDGLive2026:CR003:T_singlet_pair_ATLAS2024

https://pdg.lbl.gov/encoder_listings/q009.pdf
accessed 2026-05-17 sha 6cc3eac0c3ce... snapshot CR003/pdg_live_q009_tprime_pair_limits.txt RESOLVED
value_limit_converted_fallback > 1360 GeV
RESOLVED
Match snapshot line 26
L23: data are consistent with the SM background predictions and limits are
L24: obtained for different branching ratios. The >1700 GeV limit is for t' in a
L25: weak-isospin doublet; the same limits also apply to t' of charge -4/3. The
L26: >1360 GeV limit is for a singlet model.
L27: 
L28: AAD 23AV is based on 139 fb^-1 of pp data at sqrt(s) = 13 TeV. Pair
L29: production of vector-like t' is searched for in the dilepton-Z plus jets or
Snapshots live under flavor_catalog/references/<process_id>/. Source-line anchoring is automated; the status pill reflects match confidence, not editorial review.

PDGLive2026:CR003:T_Zt_pair_ATLAS2023

https://pdg.lbl.gov/encoder_listings/q009.pdf
accessed 2026-05-17 sha 6cc3eac0c3ce... snapshot CR003/pdg_live_q009_tprime_pair_limits.txt UNRESOLVED
display m_T > 1.60 TeV
UNRESOLVED

Automated anchoring could not pinpoint this value inside the snapshot. Manual verification is needed: open the live source and confirm against the context surrounding the value claim.

Open source manually
Snapshots live under flavor_catalog/references/<process_id>/. Source-line anchoring is automated; the status pill reflects match confidence, not editorial review.

PDGLive2026:CR003:T_Ht_pair_CMS2023

https://pdg.lbl.gov/encoder_listings/q009.pdf
accessed 2026-05-17 sha 6cc3eac0c3ce... snapshot CR003/pdg_live_q009_tprime_pair_limits.txt UNRESOLVED
display m_T > 1.50 TeV
UNRESOLVED

Automated anchoring could not pinpoint this value inside the snapshot. Manual verification is needed: open the live source and confirm against the context surrounding the value claim.

Open source manually
Snapshots live under flavor_catalog/references/<process_id>/. Source-line anchoring is automated; the status pill reflects match confidence, not editorial review.

CMS2023:CR003:T_all_third_generation_decay_mixtures

https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.07327
accessed 2026-05-17 sha 8e2d5e1a579b... snapshot CR003/cms_2023_arxiv2209_07327.txt RESOLVED
display m_T > 1.48 TeV for all decays to third-generation quarks
RESOLVED
Match snapshot line 31
L28: include multiple top quarks.
L29: 
L30: The limits obtained in this search are the strongest limits to date for
L31: T Tbar production, excluding masses below 1.48 TeV for all decays to
L32: third-generation quarks, and are the strongest limits to date for B Bbar
L33: production with B quark decays to tW.
Snapshots live under flavor_catalog/references/<process_id>/. Source-line anchoring is automated; the status pill reflects match confidence, not editorial review.