T014 $Z \to b\bar{s}+\bar{b}s,\ Z \to b\bar{d}+\bar{b}d,\ Z \to s\bar{d}+\bar{s}d$

Flavor-changing Z decays (down-sector FCNC)
Status REVIEWED VERIFIED High Code: NO Priority Low

Why this constrains the RS scan

Anarchic warped models naturally generate flavor-nonuniversal neutral-gauge couplings after rotating the localized fermion zero modes to the mass basis. For down-type quarks this creates off-diagonal \(Z d_i d_j\) vertices through zero-mode coupling nonuniversality, mixing with KK gauge bosons, and mixing with KK fermions. The custodial construction that protects \(Zb_L\bar b_L\) also matters for off-diagonal left-handed \(Z d_L^i\bar d_L^j\) couplings; in custodial RS, rare \(K\) and \(B\) amplitudes can instead be dominated by right-handed tree-level \(Z\) exchange. The direct on-shell \(Z\to q_iq_j\) bound is therefore a weak but conceptually clean collider diagnostic for the same effective vertices that enter \(K\), \(B_d\), and \(B_s\) rare decays and mixing. Per flavor\_catalog/PRIORITY\_TIERS.md, T014 is a this catalog wave SECONDARY entry: it provides the catalog's standalone FCNC-\(Z\) row, but has lower implementation priority than the Wave 1--7 PRIMARY constraints.

What's changed since the original paper

Blanke, Buras, Duling, Gemmler, and Gori 2009 is the key RS-specific update relative to the CFW era: it studies rare \(K\) and \(B\) decays in a custodial warped model and shows how tree-level \(Z\) exchange with flavor-changing down-quark couplings can dominate selected \(\Delta F=1\) amplitudes. Kamenik et al. 2024 updated the SM predictions, current direct-width bound, and future-collider reach for the \(bs\) and \(bd\) modes; those theory and projection numbers are retained in the sidecar rather than treated as T014 measured observables. The ECFA 2025 report folds this program into the Higgs/electroweak/top factory studies. Abu-Ajamieh et al. 2026 gives a dedicated quark-sector survey of flavor-violating \(Z\) couplings, translating the common direct width bound into effective-coupling conventions and comparing it with much stronger meson-oscillation constraints.

Validity and model dependence

The direct \(2.9\times10^{-3}\) limit is flavor-inclusive and not a dedicated \(bs\), \(bd\), or \(sd\) analysis; it should not be treated as a powerful standalone RS exclusion. Low-energy constraints from \(K\), \(B_d\), and \(B_s\) mixing or rare decays are much stronger, but they test model-dependent linear combinations of left- and right-handed \(Z\) couplings and can be affected by correlations or cancellations with KK-gauge and other \(\Delta F=1,2\) contributions. A live implementation therefore needs an explicit convention for off-diagonal \(Z d_i d_j\) couplings and a decision on whether to impose only the weak direct width bound or the stronger low-energy-derived coupling bounds.

Code coverage in this repo

NO. A targeted grep for \(Z\to bs\), \(Z\to bd\), \(Z\to sd\), Zbs/Zbd/Zsd, and flavor-violating \(Z\)-coupling strings across quarkConstraints/, qcd/, flavorConstraints/, neutrinos/, yukawa/, warpConfig/, solvers/, scanParams/, and tests/ returned no hits. Broader searches find only existing \(\Delta F=2\) neutral-meson machinery (quarkConstraints/modern/phenomenology.py:23) and generic \(M_Z\)/\(\alpha_s(M_Z)\) support such as qcd/constants.py:11 and quarkConstraints/qcd\_running.py:100. There is no on-shell FCNC-\(Z\) branching-ratio likelihood or \(Z d_i d_j\) operator interface.

Linked evidence (opens GitHub blob at flavor-catalog-website/2026q2):

Implementation difficulty

HIGH. Recording the external direct limit is straightforward, but a production RS constraint requires new electroweak \(\Delta F=1\) matching for off-diagonal \(Z\) couplings, custodial-embedding bookkeeping, and a policy for correlating direct \(Z\)-width information with already-implemented \(\Delta F=2\) and future rare-decay constraints. The current code only covers neutral-meson mixing and unrelated charged-lepton dipoles.

Reason: External-limit bookkeeping is low effort, but a production RS constraint needs new electroweak $\Delta F = 1$ matching for off-diagonal Z down-quark couplings, custodial-embedding conventions, and a policy for combining direct Z-width and low-energy flavor-derived coupling bounds.

Key references

PDG2025\_Z\_hadronic\_width; ECFA2025\_FV\_Z\_decays; Kamenik2024\_FV\_Higgs\_Z\_FCCee; AbuAjamieh2026\_FV\_Z\_quark\_bounds; Eilam2002\_Rare\_Z\_decays; CsakiFalkowskiWeiler2008\_WarpedFlavor; BlankeBurasDulingGemmlerGori2009\_RareKBWarped.
Source SHAs
7 snapshot(s) tracked in flavor_catalog/processes/secondary/top_higgs_ew/T014.yaml
Access dates
2026-05-17
Worklog
flavor_catalog/worklogs/T014/
LaTeX source
flavor_catalog/processes/secondary/top_higgs_ew/T014.tex
Anchors generated
2026-05-18T01:54:07Z

ECFA2025:T014:zbs_direct_hadronic_width_limit

https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15390
accessed 2026-05-17 sha 13d5927991d1... snapshot T014/ecfa2025_fv_z_decays_extract.txt RESOLVED
value < 2.9e-3
RESOLVED
Match snapshot line 37
L34: the agreement of the measurement and the SM prediction for the Z hadronic
L35: width, giving:
L36: 
L37:   B(Z -> qq') < 2.9 x 10^-3 at 95% CL.
L38: 
L39: The report states that low-energy constraints are much more powerful. For
L40: Z -> bd and Z -> bs, flavour-changing processes essentially constrain the

Snapshots live under flavor_catalog/references/<process_id>/. Source-line anchoring is automated; the status pill reflects match confidence, not editorial review.

ECFA2025:T014:zbd_direct_hadronic_width_limit

https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.15390
accessed 2026-05-17 sha 13d5927991d1... snapshot T014/ecfa2025_fv_z_decays_extract.txt RESOLVED
value < 2.9e-3
RESOLVED
Match snapshot line 37
L34: the agreement of the measurement and the SM prediction for the Z hadronic
L35: width, giving:
L36: 
L37:   B(Z -> qq') < 2.9 x 10^-3 at 95% CL.
L38: 
L39: The report states that low-energy constraints are much more powerful. For
L40: Z -> bd and Z -> bs, flavour-changing processes essentially constrain the

Snapshots live under flavor_catalog/references/<process_id>/. Source-line anchoring is automated; the status pill reflects match confidence, not editorial review.

AbuAjamieh2026:T014:zsd_direct_hadronic_width_limit

https://arxiv.org/abs/2507.10525
accessed 2026-05-17 sha 53ee0fc6e7ab... snapshot T014/abu_ajamieh_2026_fv_z_quark_extract.txt RESOLVED
value < 2.9e-3
RESOLVED
Match snapshot line 28
L25: are obtained from the disagreement between SM predictions and the Z hadronic
L26: decay width. These bounds are given as
L27: 
L28:   Br(Z -> q_i qbar_j) < 2.9 x 10^-3
L29: 
L30: which translates to
L31: 

Snapshots live under flavor_catalog/references/<process_id>/. Source-line anchoring is automated; the status pill reflects match confidence, not editorial review.