C008 $\mathcal{B}(D^+\to\pi^+e^\pm\mu^\mp)$

LFV semileptonic charm decay $D+ \to \pi^+$ e $\mu$
Status REVIEWED VERIFIED High Code: NO Priority Low

PDG / equivalent values

Observable Value Year Experiment / source Provenance
BR(D+ $ \to \pi^+$ e+ $\mu^-$) 2.1e-7 branching fraction 2026 PDG Live/API S031.110 source ↑
BR(D+ $ \to \pi^+$ e- $\mu^+$) 2.2e-7 branching fraction 2026 PDG Live/API S031.111 source ↑

Why this constrains the RS scan

This process tests a product of up-sector flavor violation and charged-lepton flavor violation: schematically, short-distance operators such as \((\bar u\,\Gamma c)(\bar e\,\Gamma'\mu)\). Minimal quark-only RS scans do not generate a live constraint for this mode, but lepton-sector extensions with nonuniversal KK gauge couplings, scalar exchange, or flavor-violating brane terms can generate it. It is therefore a useful catalog marker for a future combined quark-plus-lepton flavor backend rather than a current veto.

What's changed since the original paper

The arXiv:0804.1954 RS-flavor baseline CsakiFalkowskiWeiler2008:CompositeFlavor predates the modern rare/forbidden semileptonic charm searches. BaBar BaBar2011:RareForbiddenCharm subsequently set or improved limits for charged-charm LFV modes in \(384\,{\rm fb}^{-1}\). LHCb LHCb2021:DPlusPiEMu searched for 25 rare and forbidden \(D^+\) and \(D_s^+\) modes in 2016 data, found no significant deviation from background, and tightened the two C008 charge channels to the present \(2\times10^{-7}\)-level limits.

Validity and model dependence

The experimental limits are robust upper bounds on the listed exclusive branching fractions. Their interpretation as RS constraints is model dependent because the mapping requires a \(\Delta C=1\), LFV semileptonic operator basis, \(D\to\pi\) form factors, lepton-chirality assumptions, and a phase-space treatment matching the LHCb analysis. The Standard Model background for charged-LFV final states is negligible for catalog purposes.

Code coverage in this repo

NO. The sidecar code\_coverage block records the required coverage greps over quarkConstraints/, qcd/, flavorConstraints/, neutrinos/, yukawa/, warpConfig/, solvers/, scanParams/, and tests/, plus a focused search for D+.*pi+.*e.*mu, pi+.*e.*mu, rare-charm, and $c \to u$ LFV patterns, found no \(D^+\to\pi^+e^\pm\mu^\mp\) implementation. Nearby hits are unrelated: \(D^0\) mixing appears at quarkConstraints/deltaf2.py:252 and quarkConstraints/deltaf2.py:941, the modern policy lists only \(D^0\) mixing at quarkConstraints/modern/phenomenology.py:23 and quarkConstraints/modern/phenomenology.py:668, and the implemented LFV observable is \(\mu\to e\gamma\) at flavorConstraints/muToEGamma.py:75.

Linked evidence (opens GitHub blob at flavor-catalog-website/2026q2):

Implementation difficulty

HIGH. A production implementation needs a new \(\Delta C=1\) LFV semileptonic operator basis and a \(D^+\to\pi^+e\mu\) branching-fraction calculation with form factors, phase-space acceptance, and chirality conventions. This is beyond adding an input to the existing \(\Delta F=2\) or \(\mu\to e\gamma\) paths.

Reason: Needs a new $\Delta C = 1$ charged-LFV semileptonic operator basis plus a $D+ \to \pi^+$ e mu mode calculation with form factors, phase-space acceptance, and chirality conventions.

Key references

Process-local keys before bibliography consolidation: PDG2026:DPlusPiEMuPlus, PDG2026:DPlusPiEMuMinus, LHCb2021:DPlusPiEMu, BaBar2011:RareForbiddenCharm, and CsakiFalkowskiWeiler2008:CompositeFlavor.
Source SHAs
7 snapshot(s) tracked in flavor_catalog/processes/charm/C008.yaml
Access dates
2026-05-16
Worklog
flavor_catalog/worklogs/C008/
LaTeX source
flavor_catalog/processes/charm/C008.tex
Anchors generated
2026-05-18T01:53:05Z

PDG2026:DPlusPiEMuPlus

https://pdgprod.lbl.gov/pdgprod/pdgLiveJson/api/listings/S031.110
accessed 2026-05-16 snapshot C008/pdg2026_dplus_piplus_ep_mum_pdgLive.txt AMBIGUOUS
value 2.1e-07
AMBIGUOUS
Match 1 of 2 snapshot line 25
L22:   Technique: LHCB
L23:   Comment: 1.6 fb**-1 p p
L24:   Confidence level: 90.0
L25:   Value: <2.1 E-7
L26:   Numeric value: 2.1e-7
L27:   Limit type: upper
L28:   Used in average: true

Match 2 of 2 snapshot line 26
L23:   Comment: 1.6 fb**-1 p p
L24:   Confidence level: 90.0
L25:   Value: <2.1 E-7
L26:   Numeric value: 2.1e-7
L27:   Limit type: upper
L28:   Used in average: true
L29:   Used in fit: true

Snapshots live under flavor_catalog/references/<process_id>/. Source-line anchoring is automated; the status pill reflects match confidence, not editorial review.

PDG2026:DPlusPiEMuMinus

https://pdgprod.lbl.gov/pdgprod/pdgLiveJson/api/listings/S031.111
accessed 2026-05-16 snapshot C008/pdg2026_dplus_piplus_em_mup_pdgLive.txt AMBIGUOUS
value 2.2e-07
AMBIGUOUS
Match 1 of 2 snapshot line 25
L22:   Technique: LHCB
L23:   Comment: 1.6 fb**-1 p p
L24:   Confidence level: 90.0
L25:   Value: <2.2 E-7
L26:   Numeric value: 2.2e-7
L27:   Limit type: upper
L28:   Used in average: true

Match 2 of 2 snapshot line 26
L23:   Comment: 1.6 fb**-1 p p
L24:   Confidence level: 90.0
L25:   Value: <2.2 E-7
L26:   Numeric value: 2.2e-7
L27:   Limit type: upper
L28:   Used in average: true
L29:   Used in fit: true

Snapshots live under flavor_catalog/references/<process_id>/. Source-line anchoring is automated; the status pill reflects match confidence, not editorial review.